Exploring the greatest new and classic plays

SUPPORT OUR PODCAST BY BECOMING A PATRON
CLICK HERE

094 – Oedipus the King by Sophocles

094 – Oedipus the King by Sophocles

Rami Malek as Oedipus, Indira Varma as Jocasta
Oedipus
Old Vic Theatre, London,
February 2025
Photo by Manuel Harlan

094 – Oedipus the King by Sophocles

The city of Thebes has been overwhelmed by a terrible plague, and the people and the priests turn to their King, Oedipus, to save them, just as he had done before, when he solved the riddle of the monstrous sphinx that had terrorised the city. But unbeknownst to Oedipus, it is he himself who is the source of the scourge that the Gods inflict, for he has already fulfilled the terrible prophecy that he would kill his father and marry his mother, the truth of which now poisons the city. His anguished journey of self-discovery ends with his sacrificing himself and destroying his family to purge the moral plague.

Written more than two and a half thousand years ago, Sophocles’ tragedy, Oedipus the King, has endured not only because of the dramatic trauma of Oedipus’ personal story – his battle between his fate and his free will – but also as an allegory of authoritarian political power set against established beliefs and the voices of democracy. It has proved remarkably adaptable to modern social and political times, which is attested by the fact that not one, but two major productions of the play have already been staged in London in 2025. The first being Robert Icke’s clever updating which recast Oedipus as a populist contemporary politician, and featured electrifying performances by Mark Strong and Lesley Manville as the doomed couple. This was followed by playwright Ella Hickson’s adaptation at the Old Vic theatre, with Rami Malek and Indira Varma, which conceived the plague as an environmental catastrophe, and pitted Oedipus and Jocasta against the reactionary powers of established religion.

I am delighted to be able to talk about Sophocles’ classic with a true expert on Greek tragedy, Professor Edith Hall.

Professor Edith Hall

Edith Hall is Professor in the department of Classics and Ancient History at Durham University. Previously she was professor in Classics at Kings College in London and at Royal Holloway, University of London. She is also a broadcaster and writer, the author of part or the whole of no fewer than thirty books, including Introducing the Ancient Greeks and Greek Tragedy – Suffering under the Sun. She edited and introduced the Oxford World Classic edition of three of Sophocles’ tragedies, which includes, Oedipus the King. Loyal listeners will remember that Edith appeared on the podcast back in episode 25 when we covered Euripides’s tragedy Medea.
Listen here 025 Medea.

Recommended Play

Edith recommended Electra by Sophocles.

Photo © Marc Brenner
We have footnotes for this episode …

The Footnotes that accompany our episode on Sophocles’ tragedy Oedipus the King, include additional notes about Sophocles and Aristotle; Oedipus and the riddle of the Sphinx; the role of the Theban chorus in the play; and the power of the prophet Tiresias.

Become a Patron!
Since I launched The Play Podcast in April 2020, I have managed to eschew any form of advertising or sponsorship, and I would like to continue to produce the podcast without doing so. I therefore invite you to help me to continue to make the podcast by becoming a Patron. Additional benefits available to Patrons include Footnotes on the plays covered in the podcast, as well as early access to The Play Review. For details click here Thank you very much for listening and for your support. Douglas
The Texts
If you are interested in buying the play text or other related books, we’d be delighted if you choose to purchase them from our selected partners Bookshop.org and Blackwell’s. Not only will you be supporting independent booksellers, we will also earn a small commission on every book you purchase, which helps to keep the podcast going. Click on the cover to buy from our chosen partner. Thank you.
You might also be interested in …
115 – The Dance of Death by August Strindberg

115 – The Dance of Death by August Strindberg

August Strindberg’s The Dance of Death is set in a remote army base on the coast of Sweden, where an army captain and his wife are trapped together in an unhappy marriage. The captain, bitter at his lack of promotion, and his wife, frustrated at having been forced to give up her career as an actress, occupy their empty hours tearing into each other in a brutal dance of mutual cruelty.

Strindberg’s scorching portrait of marital strife was written in 1900, but has had a lasting influence. Arthur Miller dubbed Strindberg, “the mad inventor of modern theatre”, and echoes of his unflinching dissection of marital discord can be seen in the plays of Edward Albee, Tennessee Williams, Eugene O’Neill, and John Osborne.

Sir Richard Eyre adapted and directed a wonderful production of Dance of Death at the Orange Tree Theatre in Richmond upon Thames earlier this year, and I am delighted that Sir Richard joins me in this episode to guide us through Strindberg’s blistering onslaught on marriage.

114 – Love’s Labour’s Lost by William Shakespeare

114 – Love’s Labour’s Lost by William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare’s Love’s Labour’s Lost is described on the title page in the first publication of its text in 1598 as “A Pleasant Conceited Comedie.” I imagine that the epithets were intended to highlight the play’s courtly aesthetic, its frothy merry-go-round of courtship, and above all perhaps, its ostentatiously intricate word play. For it is a play rich in the love and perils of language.

I am joined to assay Shakespeare’s conceited comedy by the Artistic Director of the Orange Tree Theatre in Richmond upon Thames, Tom Littler. In the summer of 2026 Tom adapted and directed a magical double bill of Shakespeare, producing Love’s Labour’s Lost and Much Ado About Nothing in repertory, and staging them both ‘en plein air’.

113 – Arcadia by Tom Stoppard

113 – Arcadia by Tom Stoppard

Tom Stoppard’s 1993 play, Arcadia, is viewed by many as his finest play, renowned for the breadth of its intellectual interrogations and its formal invention. The play is a structural masterpiece of ideas, as well as a teasing detective story, joyous comedy, and emotionally rich exploration of love and loss.

As we record this episode a wonderful new production of Arcadia is playing at the Duke of York’s theatre in London’s West End, following its acclaimed run at the Old Vic theatre earlier this year. I am delighted to share the challenge and the pleasure of exploring Stoppard’s dazzling drama with the director of the new production, Carrie Cracknell.

Edith Hall

Edith Hall

Edith Hall

Edith Hall is Professor in the department of Classics and Ancient History at Durham University. Previously she was professor in Classics at Kings College in London and at Royal Holloway, University of London. She is also a broadcaster and writer, the author of part or the whole of no fewer than thirty books, including Introducing the Ancient Greeks and Greek Tragedy – Suffering under the Sun. She edited and introduced the Oxford World Classic edition of three of Sophocles’ tragedies, which includes, Oedipus the King.

Recommended Play(s)

In episode 25, Edith recommended The Birds by Aristophanes.
In episode 94, she recommended Electra by Sophocles.

 

 

 

025 – Medea, by Euripides

025 – Medea, by Euripides

Helen McCrory at the National Theatre
© Tristram Kenton

 

025 – Medea, by Euripides

Jason, his wife Medea and their two sons have settled in Corinth following his arduous expedition to obtain the golden fleece. Jason could not have succeeded in acquiring the golden fleece without the exceptional help of Medea whose interventions enabled him to complete the tasks he was set, and who even killed her own brother to assist their escape. Now foreign exiles in Corinth, however, Jason has decided that the only way to enhance his social position is to marry the daughter of the king of Corinth, much to Medea’s understandable grief and rage. Euripides’s play Medea opens on the very day that the wedding takes place, and before the sun sets Medea will enact the most vicious vengeance on all who have turned against her.

Written almost 2,500 years ago in 431BCE Medea has survived as one of the most timeless works from classical theatre primarily because of the notorious manner in which Medea takes her revenge for being abandoned and banished – she kills her own two sons because it is the way she can hurt her husband most. Her horrific crime compels both repulsion and fascination, because Euripides forces us to consider how human beings can be provoked into the most extreme moral choices. His portrait of the psychological pressure that Medea suffers is one of the earliest examples of the dramatization of a character’s internal life, a focus that would become a defining feature of modern drama many centuries on.

Testimony to the popularity of the story of Medea and the universality of Euripides’s vision is the fact that the play is so regularly revived, most recently in the striking modern production at the National Theatre in a new adaptation written by Ben Power, directed by Carrie Cracknell and with a wonderful, fierce performance by Helen McCrory in the title role. Happily we can now watch this production online as part of the National Theatre at Home service.

I’m delighted to be joined in this episode to explore the original and enduring ingredients of Medea by renowned classical scholar Edith Hall.

Note: Edith and I recorded this episode on Thursday 15th April 2021. The day after our conversation we learned the sad news that Helen McCrory had passed away. Her performances in Medea, and in Terence Rattigan’s The Deep Blue Sea, also at the National Theatre, are two of the most memorable I have seen in any theatre. She is naturally commanding, shining with clear intelligence, honest and deeply moving. They are definitive recreations of these two indomitable characters. Thankfully we can still watch these performances on the National Theatre at Home service.

And for a brief introduction to Medea at the National Theatre with Edith Hall and Helen McCrory, click here.

Edith Hall

Edith Hall is Professor of Classics at Kings College London, where she specialises in ancient Greek literature. She has published no fewer than thirty books, including Introducing the Ancient Greeks, Aristotle’s Way – How ancient wisdom can change your life, and most pertinent to this episode: Greek Tragedy – Suffering under the Sun. She lectures all over the world and broadcasts frequently on radio and television. She also works as a consultant with professional theatres, including with the National Theatre on their production of Medea.

In addition to her D.Phil. from St Hugh’s, Oxford, she has been awarded Honorary Doctorates from the University of Athens and University of Durham. She has held posts at Cambridge, Oxford, Durham, Reading and Royal Holloway, and visiting positions at Notre Dame, Swarthmore, Northwestern, Notre Dame, Leiden, and Erfurt. From 2017-2019 she was AHRC Leadership Fellow for Advocating Classics Education, whose goal is to expand provision of classical subjects in the British state secondary education.

Recommended Play

Edith recommended The Birds by Aristophanes.

Photo © Marc Brenner
We have footnotes for this episode …

The Footnotes to our episode on Medea include further observations on the danger a woman like Medea represented to the men of ancient Athens, and the emotional experience Greek tragedy exacts.

Patreon Page

BECOME A PATRON!

Since I launched The Play Podcast in April 2020, I have managed to eschew any form of advertising or sponsorship, and I would like to continue to produce the podcast without doing so. I therefore invite you to help me to continue to make the podcast by becoming a Patron.
Additional benefits available to Patrons include Footnotes on the plays covered in the podcast, as well as exclusive access to The Play Review.

For details click here

Thank you very much for listening and for your support.
Douglas

The Texts
If you are interested in buying the play text or other related books, we’d be delighted if you choose to purchase them by following the links below. We will earn a small commission on every book you purchase, which helps to keep the podcast going. Through our selected partners Bookshop.org and Blackwell’s you will also be supporting independent bookshops. Thank you.